英国意识流文学代表作家 Virginia Woolf
【慕联导读】
正文
Virginia Woolf
a representative of “stream of consciousness”,a chief member of the Bloomsbury Group,a famous female critic and feminist,one of the pioneers in the English literary
the best female writer of the twentieth century.
弗吉尼亚·伍尔芙(1882-1941),毕业于伦敦大学国王学院,英国意识流文学代表作家、文学批评家和文学理论家,被誉为二十世纪现代主义与女性主义的先锋。惯用细腻的文字表达她称之为现代的兴奋、痛苦、美丽与恐怖。她的文字与19世纪英国文学中古板自满的设想格格不入。
Life Experience
1882: She was born in 22 Hyde Park Gate.伍尔芙出生于英国伦敦,肯辛顿,海德公园门(Hyde Park Gate)22号。
1895: Her adored mother and older sister died.母亲去世,接着姐姐也去世。
1904: She experienced her father's death.Because of her inheritedsensitivities, Woolf suffered the first of a series of mental breakdowns that were certainly to mark, and significantly to mar the rest of her life.在1904年又经历了父亲去世,由于天生的敏感,伍尔夫陷入了一系列的精神崩溃中,而且这种精神崩溃伴随伍尔夫的一生。
1906: She founded Bloomsbury Group, which was a coterie of talented intellectuals.在父亲去世后伍尔夫建立了布卢姆斯伯里派,很多有才能的人都聚集在这里。
1912: She married Leonard Woolf, who was a member of the Bloomsbury Group. With her husband’s encouragement, Woolf began to write novels.与伦纳德·伍尔夫结婚,在伦纳德的鼓励下,伍尔夫开始了自己的写作生涯。
1915: Her first novel The Voyage Out was published.第一部小说《出航》出版。
1917: Woolf and Leonard founded the Hogarth Press, which published her books and those by other promising young writers of the time.与伦纳德创办了霍加斯出版社。在伍尔夫写作生涯中,精神崩溃一直伴随着她。
1941: She weighted her pockets with stones and walked into the river, leaving a note for her husband and a huge regret for the whole world.又一次精神崩溃后,伍尔夫用石子装满自己的口袋,投河自尽,结束了自己的生命。
Main Works
1.The Voyage Out《出航》1915
2.Night and Day《日与夜》1919
3.Mark on the wall《墙上的斑点》1919
4.Jacob's Room《雅各的房间》1920
5.Mrs. Dalloway《达洛维夫人》1925
6.To the Lighthouse《到灯塔去》1927
7.Orlando:a Biography《奥兰多》1928
8.The Waves《海浪》1931
9.The Years《岁月》1937
10.Between the Acts《幕间》1941
Main achievements
Woolf被誉为20世纪最伟大的小说家之一,现代主义文学潮流的先锋。她对英语语言的革新良多,在小说中尝试意识流的写作方法,致力于描绘人们心底的潜意识。福斯特称她将英语“朝着光明的方向推进了一小步”。她在文学上的成就和创新性至今仍在影响后世。二战后她的声望有所下降,但随着70年代女权主义的兴起,她又成为了文学界关注的对象。
Woolf是英国文坛的前卫开拓者之一,她和当时的乔伊斯,还有法国的普鲁斯特等创作意识流文学作品的作家一起,把意识流小说推向世界,极大地影响了世界范围内传统的写作手法。他们的出现,成为了传统文学和现代文学的一个分水岭。
作者:江雅琴 改编自互联网